The Library of Celsus takes its name from Julius Celsus Polemaenus. He was the Roman governor of Asia Minor in the 2nd century AD. He was buried in a sarcophagus under the library. The construction of the building began in 110 AD. The library is a kind of mausoleum donated by his son - Julius Aquila Polemaeanus, who spent 25 000 denars for this purpose. The construction was finished by his descendants in 135 AD.
The interior of the library was destroyed by fire, which left the façade undamaged. It is not known what exactly had happened, but about 400 AD the library no longer functioned. The area in front of it was turned into a pool, which reflected the beautiful façade, and the whole structure had a purely decorative function. At the site of the pool, archeologists have found huge reliefs depicting the victory of Marcus Aurelius over the Parthians. Most of them are now exhibited in Vienna, but several original fragments and replicas of so-called Parthian Monument can also be seen in the Ephesus Museum in Selçuk.
Source: Turkish Archaeological News
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